Misapplication of Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Despite the maturity and wide application, the problems of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis for heart diseases by ECG cannot be solved yet. An ECG shows the voltage differences between different body surfaces. It is clear that surface electrocardiogram is a sum of vectors of electric potentials from the body. One approach by WM is electro-physiologic studies using intracardiac electrodes, which emphasizes electric potentials produced from various parts inside of the heart. By the holistic bioelectricity flow theory, the voltage differences detected in any surface is not only from inside of heart but is the integrated bioelectricity of all organs inside the body, not the health of the heart alone, as has been assumed.